The Vietnam War:  Learning to Care, Caring to Learn
An Outline for Primary Grades
Pat Bowes
 
 

Teaching about war, especially one as complex as the Vietnam War, to primary age children is challenging.  What better time, though, than these very early ages to learn about sacrifices made on their behalf, and to have them start thinking about how they can live peaceful lives.  Even a preschool age child can learn about conflict resolution, sacrifices made for them, and such critical values as respect, honor, and dignity.

Fortunately, there are many wonderful picture books that can help young students learn these key values.  Our youngest students will remember the Wall coming to Sharonville Elementary for as long as they live if they first learn the meaning behind it.

Two weeks of literature sharing, discussions, videos, and activities will help the children gain insight into the war and how it applies to their lives.  Young children are invited to be actively involved once the Wall arrives, which will further enhance their learning.

Primary teachers are invited to use their remarkable creativity and use as many of the lessons as possible at an age appropriate level. The picture books in this unit are outstanding and are highly recommended.

Enclosed in this section are lesson ideas for primary age students.
 
 

Reading
Math
Social Studies
Art
Music
Writing


Reading

Consider using the following books in the order listed.  Refer to the discussion guides for questions and activity ideas.  Ten books = One per day for two weeks.
 

1) Vietnam    by  Michael Dahl

2) The Zax    by Dr. Seuss

3) The Lotus Seed    by Sherry Garland

4) Angel Child, Dragon Child    by Michele Maria Surat

5) Dia’s Story Cloth     by Dia Cha

6) The Whispering Cloth    by Pegi Deitz Shea

7) Ba Nam     by Jeanne M. Lee

8) Leaving Vietnam     by Sarah S. Kilborne
    (Appears to be a second or third grade easy read, but it has challenging concepts
      and should be used as a read aloud with teacher explanations.)

9) The Wall     by Eve Bunting
     (Couple with readings from Voices From Vietnam)

10) Why?    by Nikolai Popov
 


Math/Spelling

1) There are addition, subtraction, and measurement activities listed in the
     discussion guides and lesson plans.

2) Review the POW tap code.  Explain that there were many American prisoners of
    war.  They were tortured and lonely.  In order to keep their sanity, they needed to
    communicate with each other so they started a tap code that represented the
    alphabet.  They divided the 26 letters of the alphabet into five sections.  The first tap
    would tell them the horizontal row to consider, and the second tap the vertical row.  It
    was really important, then, for the prisoners to know how to listen, count, and spell.

     Practice tapping out some words.  You could tap out spelling words, words on a
     word list, a greeting, or a peaceful message.

3) Instead of using apples, blocks, and other items for visual aids and manipulatives,
     bring in papayas, mangoes, and small bags of rice for counting, addition, and
     subtraction problems.  Explain that these foods are common in Vietnam and that
     Vietnam, a tiny country, is the world’s fifth largest producer of rice.

4) Use the design of the Wall for addition and subtraction word problems. Example:
     : On one section of the Wall there are 18 names. Six of the names are African-
       Americans.  How many other names are on this section of the Wall?

5) For students learning rudimentary multiplication, you can use the Wall in word
     problems and examples.  Consider this example, “On one panel of the Wall there
     are four lines with six names on each line.  How many names are on the panel?”
     You can write as many of these type examples as necessary.  The students will be
     practicing real-life application of math and the Wall will be present in their minds.

6) Probability and fractions can be taught by referring to the lessons on the draft.
    Students may more fully understand the lottery if their names or birth dates are put
    in a bin and then randomly chosen to do something unpleasant.  First ask what
    their chances are of being chosen, perhaps their chances are 1 of 24.  Then
    mention that girls do not have to be in the lottery.  What then are their chances of
    being chosen?  Perhaps 1 of 12.   Use graphs to reinforce how the smaller the
    denominator becomes, the greater the likelihood they will be chosen.

The key point is to use references to the culture and people of Vietnam, as well as to the Wall.


Social Studies

1) Map skills
    : Locate Vietnam on a map.  Determine the continent and list the key
      bordering countries and bodies of water.
    : Locate and mark on a map the 17th parallel
    : Use the 6-stage map of Vietnam’s history and have students color it in to show the
      development / time line of the country.

2) Geography, etc
    : Compare and contrast Vietnam to Ohio.

3)  Vietnamese culture
    : Research different aspects of the Vietnamese culture.
    : Experience their food.
    : Play “Bite the Carp’s Tail” a popular game in Vietnam.
    : Bring in an ao dai for the children to see.
    : Have a guest speaker explain Mahayana Buddhism.
    : Practice thai cuc quyen, a slow gymnastic activity.
    : Make water puppets and put on a play.
    : Make a story cloth.
    : Make a picture box.

4) Communism
    : Understand these concepts:  idea is to have everyone be the same, but
      oppression, corruption, and the lack of incentives lead to food shortages,
      housing shortages, minimal human rights such as no freedom of religion or
      expression; strong military but weak economy and poor human rights.
    : Compare to United States and why we fought for our freedoms.
       Review the Bill of Rights.
    : Oppression and food shortages cause many people to escape Communism.

5) The War
    : Problem solving activity in The Zax.
    : Invite a veteran to speak to the class.  Male and female.
    : Participate in the tableau activity in Why?
    : Practice the tap code used by prisoners of war.
    : Selected readings from Voices From Vietnam
    : Conflict resolution -- see the list of recommended books

6) The Wall
    : View the video “To Heal a Nation”
    : Read The Wall  by  Eve Bunting


Art

: Review art and architecture of Vietnam
: Make a personal story cloth
: Design a new Vietnam Memorial
: Make water puppets and put on a play.
: Make a picture box.
: Make and decorate a ceramic or clay pot in a Vietnamese motif.
 


Music

: See the music section.  It applies to all ages.
: Listen to and / or try to play Vietnamese instruments and songs.
: Listen to “Where Have All the Flowers Gone”  by Pete Seeger and write how it relates
   to Why?, the Vietnam War, and the Wall.
 



 

Writing

: See the writing section, as many of these same activities can be used in primary.
: Write reactions to each of the books you read or heard.
: Write a continuation of a story that was read.
: Choose any page from Why?, or any book, and write a creative story inspired by the
   picture.
: Write an essay in response to the prompt: “Based on what you have learned the
   last two weeks, how do you intend to live the rest of your life?”
: Write an essay in response to the prompt:  “What can you do at your age to help
   there be peace on earth?”
: Write a poem about our veterans.
: Write a poem about The Wall.
: Visit http://www.thevirtualwall.org, read about any veteran who died, and write an
   introduction about what we have been doing and then write a poem or thoughtful
   letter to that veteran.  Give your letter to Mr. Pat and he will have it posted on the web.
: Listen to “Where Have All the Flowers Gone”  by Pete Seeger and write how it relates
   to Why?, the Vietnam War, and the Wall.
: Thank you notes to guest speakers, and other veterans.
: Write conflict resolution proposals in a clear and concise manner.
: Narratives about what they learned from various experiences.
: Compare and contrast the life of a child in Vietnam to their own lives.
: Retell The Wall from a different perspective.
: Write an adventure story of a child trying to flee Vietnam.
: Write responses to some of the discussion guide questions.
: Write a letter to Senator John McCain telling him what we have been doing and invite
   him to come to our school when the Wall is here.